Probabilistic switching can solve the problem of costly prosocial exclusion
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Can Counterfactuals Solve the Exclusion Problem?
A quite popular approach to solving the Causal Exclusion Problem is to adopt a counterfactual theory of causation. In this paper, I distinguish three versions of the Causal Exclusion Argument. I argue that the counterfactualist approach can block the first two exclusion arguments, because the Causal Inheritance Principle and the Upward Causation Principle upon which the two arguments are based ...
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این رساله به مساله احتجاب الهی و مشکلات برهان مبتنی بر این مساله میپردازد. مساله احتجاب الهی مساله ای به قدمت ادیان است که به طور خاصی در مورد ادیان ابراهیمی اهمیت پیدا میکند. در ادیان ابراهیمی با توجه به تعالی خداوند و در عین حال خالقیت و حضور او و سخن گفتن و ارتباط شهودی او با بعضی از انسانهای ساکن زمین مساله ای پدید میاید با پرسشهایی از قبیل اینکه چرا ارتباط مستقیم ویا حداقل ارتباط وافی به ب...
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Cooperators that refuse to participate in sanctioning defectors create the second-order free-rider problem. Such cooperators will not be punished because they contribute to the public good, but they also eschew the costs associated with punishing defectors. Altruistic punishers — those that cooperate and punish — are at a disadvantage, and it is puzzling how such behaviour has evolved. We show ...
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In 7 experiments, the authors manipulated social exclusion by telling people that they would end up alone later in life or that other participants had rejected them. Social exclusion caused a substantial reduction in prosocial behavior. Socially excluded people donated less money to a student fund, were unwilling to volunteer for further lab experiments, were less helpful after a mishap, and co...
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Laurence BonJour (1998) has recently proposed an a priori solution to the problem of induction. According to BonJour, it is necessarily true that explanations involving ordinary inductive conclusions are the best explanations of inductive premises, and we can be justified in believing this fact a priori. He contends that no empiricist account of justification that rejects or denigrates the a pr...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
سال: 2021
ISSN: 1742-6588,1742-6596
DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1903/1/012020